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              <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
              <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"
                align="center"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times
                  New Roman , serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Statement
                  to York’s Senate regarding the Dahdaleh donation</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"
                align="center"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times
                  New Roman , serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Ricardo
                  Grinspun</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"
                align="center"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times
                  New Roman , serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">22
                  September 2016</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"
                align="center"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times
                  New Roman , serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times
                  New Roman , serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Earlier
                  this month I wrote to Senate Executive asking for an
                  item of Other Business to discuss the donation from
                  philanthropist Victor Dahdaleh. I also put forward a
                  hortatory motion that </span><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times
                  New Roman ,
                  serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:#262626">expressed
                  disapproval of the university’s decision to accept a
                  donation from him and to give him an honorary
                  doctorate and name an important building and a
                  research institute after him. Dahdaleh received an
                  honorary doctor of laws degree on June 20. The TEL
                  building has been renamed the Victor Phillip Dahdaleh
                  Building in recognition of a $20 million donation, and
                  the University has also announced the establishment of
                  The Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health.   </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">In the
                  rationale for the motion, I wrote that given York
                  University’s formal commitment to academic integrity
                  and service to social justice, the University should
                  not be honouring a businessman whose financial
                  dealings have made troubling headlines<a
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                        class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">[i]</span></span></span></a>
                  around the world or celebrating him as a
                  representative of the university and as someone our
                  graduates should emulate. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">According to
                  a news release from the CBC, Victor Dahdaleh has been
                  featured in news stories about his “battle with
                  criminal charges and a billion-dollar lawsuit on two
                  continents over an international bribery scandal — all
                  the while forging close ties with a trio of Canadian
                  universities.” <a moz-do-not-send="true"
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                        class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">[ii]</span></span></span></a>
                   </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">Referring to
                  the so-called “Panama Papers,” the CBC adds:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="margin-left:36.0pt;line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><i><span
                    style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">The huge
                    leak of offshore financial records reveals Dahdaleh,
                    a… metals magnate, is indeed, as long suspected, the
                    mysterious middleman known in U.S. court documents
                    as "Consultant A" — described as having handed out
                    tens of millions of dollars in inducements to
                    officials at a Persian Gulf smelting company in
                    exchange for supplier contracts that went to one of
                    the world's biggest aluminum conglomerates.</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="margin-left:36.0pt;line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><i><span
                    style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">Dahdaleh
                    denies any wrongdoing and was acquitted in a British
                    criminal trial, but his client, a unit of aluminum
                    industry heavyweight Alcoa, pleaded guilty to a U.S.
                    bribery charge in 2014 as a result of the scandal.
                    With its parent company, it paid one of the
                    biggest-ever anti-corruption penalties in American
                    history — $384 million US.</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">York’s
                  association with Mr. Dahdale has also become news. The
                  Toronto Star reports<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
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                    name="_ednref3" title=""><span
                      class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
                        class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">[iii]</span></span></span></a>
                  that</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="margin-left:36.0pt;line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><i><span
                    style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">The
                    Canadian middleman in a massive international
                    “corruption scheme,” in which U.S. officials say he
                    “enriched himself” with $400 million (U.S.) in
                    markups and made “at least $110 million in corrupt
                    payments,” was celebrated by York University with an
                    honorary degree Monday.</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="margin-left:36.0pt;line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><i><span
                    style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">It’s the
                    second prestigious honour Victor Phillip Dahdaleh
                    has received from York recently. Last year, the
                    university minted a new global health institute in
                    his name following a $20-million donation Dahdaleh
                    made to the university.</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">According to
                  York’s guidelines on honorary degrees, “At this rite
                  of passage [convocation] the University… personalizes
                  its abstract ideals through the granting of honorary
                  degrees to people whose achievements represent the
                  values the University cherishes, whose benefactions
                  have strengthened the community and the institution,
                  and whose public lives are deemed worthy of emulation
                  by the graduands.” The pervasive and widely documented
                  questions about the ethics of Mr. Dahdale’s business
                  affairs and the history of his money surely do not
                  position him well to “represent the values the
                  University cherishes” and thus, should have prevented
                  him from receiving such an honor. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">According to
                  David Robinson, executive director of the Canadian
                  Association of University Teachers, </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="margin-left:36.0pt;line-height:150%;text-autospace:none"><i><span
                    style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">There was
                    clearly in this particular case some serious
                    questions about the ethical behaviour of this
                    individual ... I think all the institutions have to
                    practise a bit more due diligence… If there's any
                    concerns about violation of ethical standards or any
                    other legal issues, donations should be rejected. I
                    think it sullies the name of a university or college
                    if it's associated with an unsavoury business or
                    character.</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">As the top
                  body responsible for the University’s academic
                  mission, it is incumbent upon Senate to express its
                  view regarding the decisions that brought about such a
                  negative impact on the University’s academic
                  reputation.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">What
                  happened after I submitted the motion was instructive.
                  Senate Executive, which in my interpretation behaved
                  like an appendix of the President and Board of
                  Governors rather than the executive of a deliberative
                  body, chose not to rule the motion in order although
                  they had no valid reasons to vote it out of order.
                  Thus they simply excluded it from the Agenda package,
                  sacrificing collegial governance and the right of
                  Senate to discuss and express its view on a matter
                  that has negatively affected York’s academic
                  reputation. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">These are
                  usual results when rich men give donations to public
                  institutions (on purpose referring to “men,” the
                  source of most of these large donations). I asked that
                  the “other business” agenda item be titled “Donation
                  from philanthropist Victor Dahdaleh”. Senate Executive
                  changed it to “Due Diligence in the Acceptance of
                  Gifts and the Recognition of Donors.” This is
                  misleading, as it suggests York lacked due diligence
                  in checking Mr. Dahdaleh’s background. Is it credible
                  that they knew nothing of these matters? Let’s face
                  it: York went ahead fully aware of all the relevant
                  information – it chose money over York’s values and
                  reputation. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">York is in
                  good company here; Mr. Dahdaleh has been honoured by
                  the London School of Economics and McGill University,
                  among others. This does not seem to have sheltered Mr.
                  Dahdeleh from critical reporting on his business
                  achievements, as his legal battles are still the
                  subject of news stories today.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="margin-top:12.0pt;line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">The fact
                  that Executive didn’t want Mr. Dahdaleh’s name in the
                  Agenda item is not surprising. Academic freedom and
                  free speech are often impacted by such donations, as
                  the overriding motivation is to get the money. An
                  implicit or explicit part of the agreements is
                  branding, and for the donor, the opportunity to buy
                  respectability, since their main line of business may
                  give them power and money but not necessarily
                  respectability. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">In the
                  secret agreement for Peter Munk’s donation to U-T –
                  later leaked out and now available online – the
                  protection of his branding is spelled out as a
                  commitment. Secrecy and a perversion of academic
                  planning – affected by those confidential agreements –
                  is now inherent to these donations. At York, the
                  secret agreement with Seymour Schulich has allegedly
                  influenced academic planning for decades, and we don’t
                  know if secret agreements with other York benefactors
                  are also secretly influencing decisions on, for
                  example, the organization and ranking of disciplines,
                  the distribution of full time faculty hiring among
                  different faculties, or research priorities. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%">All this
                  represents an aberration of public policy, part of a
                  gradual privatization of university education. As
                  governments curtail funding, the pressure to seek
                  private funding increases. Since donations represent
                  capital funding, they distort forever the distribution
                  of operational funding that must support the
                  university’s intellectual and physical infrastructure.
                  As donations represent massive legal tax avoidance
                  mechanisms, much of this money comes from you and me,
                  and from the students’ parents, not from the donor.
                  Government often steps in to match the donor’s money,
                  thus increasing public expenditures for private
                  priorities. In the case of the infamous CIGI agreement
                  with York, which was rejected by the faculty of the
                  Osgoode Law School for its interference with academic
                  freedom, most of the money would come from the public,
                  not from Jim Balsillie. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
                  style="font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:&quot;Times
                  New Roman , serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">The matters
                  here are consequential. York is currently searching
                  for a new president and the terms of reference speak
                  directly to her/his ability to bring big money for
                  York’s recently announced major fundraising campaign.
                  Upholding York’s values and attracting big financial
                  donors often do not go hand in hand. Which will have
                  the upper hand?     <br>
                  <br>
                </span><o:p></o:p></p>
              <p class="MsoNormal"
                style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal"><span
                  style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
                  Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><br>
                  <br>
                  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
              <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
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                <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><a
                    moz-do-not-send="true" onclick="return
                    checkLinkHref(this.href);" target="_blank"
                    x_onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
                    style="mso-endnote-id:edn1" href="#_ednref1"
                    name="_edn1" title=""><span
                      class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
                        class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">[i]</span></span></span></a>
                  A detailed account of the allegations and the legal
                  processes in the U.K. and United States can be found
                  here:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" onclick="return
                    checkLinkHref(this.href);" target="_blank"
                    x_onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-08-14/billionaire-found-in-middle-of-bribery-case-avoids-u-s-probe"><span
                      style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                      serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-08-14/billionaire-found-in-middle-of-bribery-case-avoids-u-s-probe</span></a><span
                    class="MsoHyperlink"><span
                      style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                      serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
                    style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                    serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">The concerns are not
                    recent; see, for example, this 2008 article: </span><a
                    moz-do-not-send="true" onclick="return
                    checkLinkHref(this.href);" target="_blank"
                    x_onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
href="http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/the-mystery-of-victor-dahdaleh/article18447616/"><span
                      style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                      serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/the-mystery-of-victor-dahdaleh/article18447616/</span></a><span
                    style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                    serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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                    checkLinkHref(this.href);"
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                    name="_edn2" title=""></a><span
                    style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                    serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                <p class="MsoEndnoteText"><span
                    class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
                      style="font-family:&quot;Times New
                      Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span
                        class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
                          style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times
                          New
                          Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">[ii]</span></span></span></span><span
                    style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                    serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><a
                    moz-do-not-send="true" onclick="return
                    checkLinkHref(this.href);" target="_blank"
                    x_onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/panama-papers-victor-dahdaleh-alcoa-bribery-case-1.3598527"><span
                      style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                      serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/panama-papers-victor-dahdaleh-alcoa-bribery-case-1.3598527</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
                <p class="MsoEndnoteText"><span
                    style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                    serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span></p>
              </div>
              <div style="mso-element:endnote" id="edn3">
                <p class="MsoEndnoteText"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
                    target="_blank" x_onclick="return
                    checkLinkHref(this.href);"
                    style="mso-endnote-id:edn3" href="#_ednref3"
                    name="_edn3" title=""><span
                      class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
                        style="font-family:&quot;Times New
                        Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span
                          class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span
                            style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:&quot;Times
                            New
                            Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a><span
                    style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                    serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"> </span><a
                    moz-do-not-send="true" onclick="return
                    checkLinkHref(this.href);" target="_blank"
                    x_onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
href="https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2016/06/20/panama-papers-businessman-honoured-by-york-university.html"><span
                      style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                      serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2016/06/20/panama-papers-businessman-honoured-by-york-university.html</span></a><span
                    style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                    serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">. See also: </span><a
                    moz-do-not-send="true" onclick="return
                    checkLinkHref(this.href);" target="_blank"
                    x_onclick="return checkLinkHref(this.href);"
href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/panama-papers-victor-dahdaleh-york-university-honorary-degree-1.3644284"><span
                      style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman ,
                      serif&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/panama-papers-victor-dahdaleh-york-university-honorary-degree-1.3644284</span></a></p>
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